Central Spain

About Madrid

Madrid, the capital of Spain and its largest city, is the seat of the government of Spain and the residence of the Spanish monarch. In short, Madrid is the political, economic, and cultural center of Spain. 

This city which never sleeps was built in the 16th century when Philip II, who disliked the capital Valladolid, decided to turn a remote, ancient village in Castile into a capital. Lying at the foot of the Sierra de Guadarrama mountain range, the Monzanares River flows through the city. Madrid is home to impressive architecture, leading international art museums, green parks, phenomenal food, and a lively nightlife. The Royal Palace Palacio Real serves as the official seat of the King of Spain. This huge palace, one of the largest Italian Baroque style palaces in Europe, is located on a spectacular cliff overlooking the Monzanares River. The palace contains thousands of art treasures, including paintings and wall murals, porcelain objects, musical instruments, and medieval weapons. There are breathtaking gardens surrounding the palace -the Sabatini Gardens to the north and the Campo del Moro Gardens at the foot of the hill on which the palace is located. Madrid’s large, Neo-Gothic style Santa Maria de la Almudena Cathedral is among the newest cathedrals in Europe, inaugurated in 1993 after over 100 years of construction. Madrid is a city with three famous museums. The Prado El, which began to be constructed in the 18th century, has a neo-classical façade and was intended to be a vast center for nature and science studies. It later became a museum with tens of thousands of works of art from the royal palaces of Spain. It has a huge collection of Spanish paintings, including works by Velázquez, Goya and El Greco; Italian paintings by foremost painters such as Botticelli, Veronese, Caravaggio; and Flemish masterpieces by Hieronymus Bosch, Bruegel, Rubens, Rembrandt, and Van Dyck. The Reina Sofia Museum is housed in a building that was used as a hospital until the 18th century. It is home to an impressive collection of 20th century works, including cubism, surrealism, and realism, and a permanent collection with works by Salvador Dali, Juan Miro, and Pablo Picasso. The highlight of the museum is Picasso's famous masterpiece from 1937, "Guernica.” Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum is the third famous museum in Madrid. It began in 1920 as an exhibit of the private collection of Baron Heinrich Thyssen- Bornemisza, who was a well-known collector. It is considered to be one of the most impressive private collections in the world. The museum was sold to Spain and opened to the public in 1992. Much of Madrid’s charm lies in its many public squares, each with its own character and beautiful parks and gardens. The Puerta del Sol (Gate of the Sun) square is a focal point of the city. It was built as a half moon decorated with two fountains and the equestrian statue of Carlos III (who built most of the squares in the city). The Bear and Strawberry Tree statues are attractions, as well, and have become symbols of the city. Today, the square’s central building is used by the Autonomous Community of Madrid. The square is known for its New Year’s Eve tradition of eating twelve grapes, one for each chime at midnight. Plaza Mayor (Town Square) is in the heart of the old city. Originally used in the 15th century as the town market, it was established in the 17th century as a town square, and the 19th century equestrian sculpture of Philip III stands in the center. There are ten entrances to the square and nine gates. Plaza Mayor has historically been the scene of many events, including bullfights and soccer games, and today is the venue for the annual Christmas market. The Casa de la Panaderia, a municipal and cultural building on the north side of the plaza, has a beautiful façade and angular towers to its sides. Plaza Mayor is a thriving center of Madrid life both day and night with its cafes, restaurants, and bars. Plaza Oriente is built in the shape of a crescent with an impressive facade of the Royal Palace as its base. It is surrounded by flower beds, beautiful shrubbery, and statues of the kings of Spain. In the center, above an imposing fountain surrounded by lions, is the equestrian statue of Philip IV. In the rectangular Plaza Espania, a spacious square surrounded by trees, there is a large stone monument honoring one of Spain's greatest writers, Miguel Cervantes, and the two iconic characters, Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. The 18th century Plaza de Cibeles is one of the main squares in the city and is considered to be one of its most important symbols. The fountain in the square depicts the goddess Cybele sitting in a chariot driven by two lions. At one end of the square is the Madrid City Hall building. The Parquet del Buen Retiro is the green lung of Madrid. It was established as a royal garden with a summer palace, and its garden paths, fountains, lake, playgrounds, and cafes attract many visitors. The Casa de Campo, Madrid’s largest public park, was created in the 16th century for the royal family and nobility and became a public park in 1931. It is a popular urban park and destination for both visitors and locals, especially on the weekends. The park contains lakes as well as an amusement park and a large zoo. Madrid is also a great shopping destination with its many colorful markets. The San Miguel Market is one of the most famous in the city with a wide variety of food, wine, and tapas stalls. San Ildefonso market is a food market, which, at dark, turns into a lively entertainment area with a stunning balcony and comfortable seating. The Platea Market, which used to be a theatre, bustles with restaurants, shops, bars, and bakeries. Anton Martin Market is a food market with cafeterias, restaurants, and even a flamenco school. Last but not least, be sure to visit Calle Gran Via, the busiest thoroughfare in Madrid with cinemas, shopping malls, international chain stores, and banks. If you’re a foodie, Madrid won’t disappoint! It has its own gastronomy as well as culinary specialties from all over Spain. Madrid’s many restaurants and cafes serve the famous bean stews, roast suckling piglet, Galician octopus, and the iconic Paella.

About Granada

Situated approximately 2421 feet above sea level, Granada is perched against the background of the snowy Sierra Nevada Mountains while also being close to the famous beaches of the Costa del Sol. All these features, combined with its comfortable climate, make Granada an attractive destination for tourists.

Granada was the last stronghold of the Muslims in Spain, and the huge complex of remaining palaces, fortresses, and beautiful gardens – many declared as UNESCO World Heritage Sites- are among the city’s highlights. The 13th century Alhambra, a palace and fortress complex which sits atop the hill above the city, reflects the splendor of Muslim rule in Spain, and is an unparalleled architectural gem. It is one of the most well-preserved palaces of the historic Islamic world, and it also contains remarkable examples of Spanish Renaissance architecture. The Nasrid palaces, Palacio Nazarias, built in the 14th century around the patios, are the heart of the Alhambra and great expressions of classic Moorish architecture. Arches, domes, wall murals, intricately decorated stucco walls, wooden ceilings, vividly colored tiles, and inscriptions in original Arabic calligraphy add to the grandeur of the palaces. Generalife, located on a hillside near the Alhambra palace complex, was the summer palace of the sultans of Granada. It is a villa with gardens surrounded by abundant orchards, and it includes beautiful terraced gardens, courtyards, ancient trees, and fragrant flowers. There are also narrow paths, pools, fountains, and water that flows from the melting snow on the peaks of the Sierra Nevada. At the center of the complex is the pool patio - Patio de la Acequia (Patio of the Water Channel) – which is thought to be the oldest garden in the West. Pavilions, which provide a great lookout point for the impressive Alhambra complex, stand on both ends. El Albaicin, the old Moorish quarter of Granada, is situated on a hill facing the Alhambra and offers incredible views of the surrounding area. Among the maze of narrow stone-paved alleys are the "Carmen Houses,” large walled villas with beautiful orchards and gardens. The fortifications, pools, fountains, gates, and Muslim houses are well-preserved. The construction of the grand Granada Cathedral in the center of the city was begun by Queen Isabella in the early 16th century on the site of the old mosque, and it lasted about 200 years. It was originally a Gothic building, and then became a Spanish Renaissance masterpiece. Its exterior structure is Gothic. The church’s interior combines Renaissance style with a Gothic floor plan - chapels at the side and an impressive, magnificent main chapel in the middle, a masterpiece by Siloe. The cathedral houses many ornaments and priceless treasures. The Capilla Real, the Royal Chapel of Granada, is one of the city’s most spectacular Christian buildings. Built in a magnificent Isabelline Gothic style, the Catholic kings ordered its construction in the early 16th century and requested that it be used as a mausoleum. It is the burial place of Queen Isabella I and King Ferdinand among other Spanish monarchs. The chapel is decorated with symbols of the kings' heroism and of the royal power, with beautiful wrought iron bars that enclose the two chapels. The chapel also houses a collection of invaluable art and historical objects including, Isabella's scepter and crown, Fernando's sword, and paintings by Flemish, Italian and Spanish artists. Along with its rich history and culture, Granada boasts a lively night life and abundant bars, cafes, tapas bars, and restaurants which are a magnet for visitors and students.

About Cordoba

The city is located on a bend of the Guadalquivir River between the cultivated areas and cattle ranches of the Sierra de Cordoba range and the wheat fields and olive vineyards of the plains of Campania.

The Romans founded in Cordoba as a colony in 152 BC, and it became an important port city due to its strategic location. Spanish olive oil, wheat, and wine were shipped from here back to ancient Rome, and the Romans build the bridge – El Puente Romana- to cross the Guadalquivir River. Cordoba also became a significant cultural center during this period and the home of Latin writer and philosopher, Seneca, and his nephew, the poet Lucan. In the 8th century, Córdoba fell into the hands of the Muslim invaders and became the capital of the Muslim kingdom in Iberian Peninsula – the Moorish “Al Andalus.” The golden age of Córdoba was in the 10th century during the reign of Abd al-Rahman III who assumed the title “Caliph of Spain.” It was the largest city in Western Europe and boasted magnificent mosques, beautiful patios, gardens, public baths, libraries, aqueducts, and universities. During this period of economic and cultural prosperity, there was an intellectual openness and tolerance which enabled the Christian, Jewish, and Muslim communities to live together and enrich each other. The historic center of Córdoba has been declared a World Heritage Site, with the Cordoba Mosque as its masterpiece. In the course of its history, this famous structure transitioned from its beginnings as a church, to becoming a mosque, and then a cathedral. Other highlights in the historic center are the Jewish Quarter (Judería de Córdoba) with its central synagogue and winding alleyways, the ancient Roman Bridge that is, today, a beautiful promenade that overlooks the city, and the many restaurants, bars, cafes, and Flamenco clubs that line the streets.

About Seville

It is also home to great art, outstanding architecture, colorful flamenco dancing – and let’s not forget its renowned tapas! 

Seville is the fourth largest city in Spain, and it is said to have been founded 2,200 years ago. Home to over 700,000 inhabitants, the city is situated in the lower part of the Guadalajara River, which originates in the northern mountains of Andalusia and flows into the Atlantic Ocean. The city is full of beautiful churches, impressive monuments, and many charming streets and squares, many of which are designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The historic Santa Cruz district is the heart of the tourist area and home to the Alcazar Palace - the fortified structure built in the 10th century by the Muslim kings of Córdoba. In the 11th century, the Muslim rulers of Seville added a palace in the western part of the Alcazar, and, in the 14th century, Pedro I added a residential palace for his wives and concubines. The Alcazar is a magnificent palace built in the Mudejar style, and one of the most beautiful in Spain. Also in Santa Cruz is the Seville Cathedral which is located where the Great Mosque stood in the 12th century. Converted to a Christian church in the mid-13th century, it is one of the largest cathedrals in the world and one of the last to be built in the Gothic style, clearly reflecting a Renaissance influence. There are two remnants of the original mosque – the iconic minaret, known as the Giralda (Bell Tower), and the Orange Patio with 66 orange trees. The historic Jewish Quarter, with its narrow streets and orange tree-lined squares is also located here, and today boast charming boutiques and shops selling crafts, ceramics, and other souvenirs. Seville is also home to green parks, and the most celebrated is Maria Luisa Park with its beautiful gardens and fountains. The park was designed for the International Exhibition in 1929, and it is adjacent to the famous Plaza Espania. Plaza de America is located in the park, as well, where the city’s magnificent archaeological museum is now housed. One of the most innovative and unique landmarks in the city is the Metropol Parasol (“the Mushrooms of Seville”), one of the largest wooden structures in the world. A modern architectural wonder, it consists of six parasols in the shape of mushrooms, and it combines an archaeological museum, a covered farmers' market, a public square, restaurants, and an elevated promenade. Alongside its rich history, Seville is a fun, bustling city with a lively nightlife, festive parades, and annual fairs – such as the Seville Fair (Feria de Abril) -that attract tourists from all over Spain. Don’t miss out on the renowned tapas – an integral part of the city’s culture, you’ll find tapas bars scattered throughout the city. With its rich history and culture, Seville is truly the place to experience authentic Spain!

About Salamanca

Salamanca, located in northwestern Spain near the Tormes River, is part of the regions of Castile and Leon, close to the Portuguese border. Home to the University of Salamanca (Universidad de Salamanca), it is a small, vibrant university town that attracts students from all over the world who come here to study Spanish.

In fact, the city has a long-standing tradition of being an important intellectual center as the university was founded in 1218 – the 2nd university in all of Spain and one of the oldest in the world. Its magnificent sculptured entrance, built in the 16th century, is an outstanding work of art with its fine detail, resembling delicate goldsmith's craft. With buildings made of golden stone, Salamanca has been nicknamed “the Golden City.” The city’s architecture has historical richness - narrow streets, charming buildings, decorated facades, domes, and pointed towers- earning it UNESCO World Heritage Site status The main square, Plaza Mayor, was built in baroque style in the 18th century and is considered one of the most magnificent squares in Spain. Salamanca City Hall is in the center of the square with the clock tower above it. Other city highlights include the old Romanesque church, Cathedral Vieja, which dates back to the 12th century, the “new” Cathedral Nueva from the 16th century which is built in Gothic Renaissance and Baroque style, and the bell tower which soars high above and is visible from almost anywhere in the city.

About Madrid

Madrid, the capital of Spain and its largest city, is the seat of the government of Spain and the residence of the Spanish monarch. In short, Madrid is the political, economic, and cultural center of Spain. 

This city which never sleeps was built in the 16th century when Philip II, who disliked the capital Valladolid, decided to turn a remote, ancient village in Castile into a capital. Lying at the foot of the Sierra de Guadarrama mountain range, the Monzanares River flows through the city. Madrid is home to impressive architecture, leading international art museums, green parks, phenomenal food, and a lively nightlife. The Royal Palace Palacio Real serves as the official seat of the King of Spain. This huge palace, one of the largest Italian Baroque style palaces in Europe, is located on a spectacular cliff overlooking the Monzanares River. The palace contains thousands of art treasures, including paintings and wall murals, porcelain objects, musical instruments, and medieval weapons. There are breathtaking gardens surrounding the palace -the Sabatini Gardens to the north and the Campo del Moro Gardens at the foot of the hill on which the palace is located. Madrid’s large, Neo-Gothic style Santa Maria de la Almudena Cathedral is among the newest cathedrals in Europe, inaugurated in 1993 after over 100 years of construction. Madrid is a city with three famous museums. The Prado El, which began to be constructed in the 18th century, has a neo-classical façade and was intended to be a vast center for nature and science studies. It later became a museum with tens of thousands of works of art from the royal palaces of Spain. It has a huge collection of Spanish paintings, including works by Velázquez, Goya and El Greco; Italian paintings by foremost painters such as Botticelli, Veronese, Caravaggio; and Flemish masterpieces by Hieronymus Bosch, Bruegel, Rubens, Rembrandt, and Van Dyck. The Reina Sofia Museum is housed in a building that was used as a hospital until the 18th century. It is home to an impressive collection of 20th century works, including cubism, surrealism, and realism, and a permanent collection with works by Salvador Dali, Juan Miro, and Pablo Picasso. The highlight of the museum is Picasso's famous masterpiece from 1937, "Guernica.” Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum is the third famous museum in Madrid. It began in 1920 as an exhibit of the private collection of Baron Heinrich Thyssen- Bornemisza, who was a well-known collector. It is considered to be one of the most impressive private collections in the world. The museum was sold to Spain and opened to the public in 1992. Much of Madrid’s charm lies in its many public squares, each with its own character and beautiful parks and gardens. The Puerta del Sol (Gate of the Sun) square is a focal point of the city. It was built as a half moon decorated with two fountains and the equestrian statue of Carlos III (who built most of the squares in the city). The Bear and Strawberry Tree statues are attractions, as well, and have become symbols of the city. Today, the square’s central building is used by the Autonomous Community of Madrid. The square is known for its New Year’s Eve tradition of eating twelve grapes, one for each chime at midnight. Plaza Mayor (Town Square) is in the heart of the old city. Originally used in the 15th century as the town market, it was established in the 17th century as a town square, and the 19th century equestrian sculpture of Philip III stands in the center. There are ten entrances to the square and nine gates. Plaza Mayor has historically been the scene of many events, including bullfights and soccer games, and today is the venue for the annual Christmas market. The Casa de la Panaderia, a municipal and cultural building on the north side of the plaza, has a beautiful façade and angular towers to its sides. Plaza Mayor is a thriving center of Madrid life both day and night with its cafes, restaurants, and bars. Plaza Oriente is built in the shape of a crescent with an impressive facade of the Royal Palace as its base. It is surrounded by flower beds, beautiful shrubbery, and statues of the kings of Spain. In the center, above an imposing fountain surrounded by lions, is the equestrian statue of Philip IV. In the rectangular Plaza Espania, a spacious square surrounded by trees, there is a large stone monument honoring one of Spain's greatest writers, Miguel Cervantes, and the two iconic characters, Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. The 18th century Plaza de Cibeles is one of the main squares in the city and is considered to be one of its most important symbols. The fountain in the square depicts the goddess Cybele sitting in a chariot driven by two lions. At one end of the square is the Madrid City Hall building. The Parquet del Buen Retiro is the green lung of Madrid. It was established as a royal garden with a summer palace, and its garden paths, fountains, lake, playgrounds, and cafes attract many visitors. The Casa de Campo, Madrid’s largest public park, was created in the 16th century for the royal family and nobility and became a public park in 1931. It is a popular urban park and destination for both visitors and locals, especially on the weekends. The park contains lakes as well as an amusement park and a large zoo. Madrid is also a great shopping destination with its many colorful markets. The San Miguel Market is one of the most famous in the city with a wide variety of food, wine, and tapas stalls. San Ildefonso market is a food market, which, at dark, turns into a lively entertainment area with a stunning balcony and comfortable seating. The Platea Market, which used to be a theatre, bustles with restaurants, shops, bars, and bakeries. Anton Martin Market is a food market with cafeterias, restaurants, and even a flamenco school. Last but not least, be sure to visit Calle Gran Via, the busiest thoroughfare in Madrid with cinemas, shopping malls, international chain stores, and banks. If you’re a foodie, Madrid won’t disappoint! It has its own gastronomy as well as culinary specialties from all over Spain. Madrid’s many restaurants and cafes serve the famous bean stews, roast suckling piglet, Galician octopus, and the iconic Paella.

Central Spain

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