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About Rome

About 2,000 years ago, during the peak of the Roman Empire, the Romans paved an extensive network of roads spanning approximately 50,000 miles. These roads, originating from Rome, the heart of the Empire, became the origin of the famous saying, "All roads lead to Rome."

About 2,000 years ago, during the peak of the Roman Empire, the Romans paved an extensive network of roads spanning approximately 50,000 miles. These roads, originating from Rome, the heart of the Empire, became the origin of the famous saying, "All roads lead to Rome."

Rome, often referred to as the "Eternal City," has maintained its allure as a global tourist destination. Its attractions include a wealth of iconic historical remnants, awe-inspiring architecture, churches and temples of grandeur, internationally acclaimed art and museums, charming squares and winding streets, bustling shopping districts, diverse culinary hubs, and an enchanting atmosphere. Nestled within the city lies the Vatican State, often regarded as its spiritual nucleus. The official appellation of the city, S.P.Q.R, stands for Senātus Populus Que Rōmānus, symbolizing the Roman Senate and People. A visit to the ancient section of Rome, encompassing the Roman Forum and the Coliseum, offers a captivating glimpse into the remnants of the Empire's glorious past. The Colosseum, once known as the "amphitheater of the plebeians," stands proudly on one side. Its oval structure had the remarkable capacity to accommodate up to 80,000 spectators and served as the venue for thrilling gladiator battles and captivating hunting and entertainment shows. Beneath the Colosseum lies the Underground Hypogeum, an intricate system of rooms that provided living quarters for the gladiators and served as confinement for dangerous beasts, such as lions. Contestants entered the arena via elevators, and the arena itself could be transformed into a water-filled stage for spectacular marine exhibitions, courtesy of the Aqueduct Claudia water carrier. The emperors entered the arena discreetly through a concealed underground passage from their residence on the Palatine Hill. Today, defacing the walls and stones in Rome is a serious criminal offense, but the etched graffiti from Rome’s heyday 2000 years ago has become a valuable resource for researchers, shedding light on the lives of the participants, prisoners, and gladiators who once dwelled within its historic walls. The "Forum Romanum," which was the political, commercial, and social center of the city for hundreds of years, extends from the Colosseum for about 820 feet. The forum is home to several historical buildings, including the Constantine Gate, the Titus Gate, the Severus Septimius Gate, the Settimo Severo temples, basilicas, the market, and the Curia Lulia that was the seat of the Roman Saint. A few steps to the north, in the outer part of the forum, there is a smaller forum - Trajan’s Forum- that contains Trajan’s Column. The triumphal column, standing tall at close to 100 feet, has a long spiral relief that commemorates the victories of Roman Emperor Trajan in the 2nd century Dacian Wars. Napoleon Bonaparte copied Trajan's column to describe his own victories, and it stands in Place Vendome in the heart of Paris. Piazza Venezia earned its name from the Venetian embassy that operated there until the early 20th century. The embassy building, adorned with the emblem of Venice—a winged lion - has been transformed into a museum. Dominating the square's center is the grand Vittoriano, a significant symbol in Italy's unification history, featuring the mounted statue of Vittorio Emanuele II. Within this memorial complex lies the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. An elevator ride up to the balcony treats visitors to a splendid view of the city and the bustling Via del Corso, which stretches from Piazza Venezia to Piazza del Popolo. To the west of Via del Corso lie the Pantheon and Piazza Navona, while to the east lies the enchanting "wishing fountain," the Fontana di Trevi. Visitors toss coins over their shoulders into the fountain with the hope of returning to Rome one day. Just a short stroll away are the iconic Spanish Steps, adorned with Bernini's boat statue, and the upscale shopping street – the Via Dei Condotti. Starting from Piazza del Popolo, a majestic staircase leads up to a vantage point offering a spectacular view of the remarkable square. From there, you can also access the Borghese Gardens, home to the renowned Galleria Borghese (make sure to book tickets in advance). Inside the museum lies an extraordinary collection of masterpieces from the Renaissance and Baroque periods, a true treasure trove for art enthusiasts. The Vatican City, along with its awe-inspiring Basilica and Vatican Museums, is a magnet for millions of tourists and believers each year. Saint Peter's Basilica, the world's largest Catholic church, stands as a popular pilgrimage site. The basilica's magnificent architecture, highlighted by Michelangelo's iconic dome and breathtaking works of art like Bernini's Baldacchino, are awe-inspiring. The Vatican Museum houses an extensive collection of plastic and decorative arts spanning various historical eras. The most renowned is undoubtedly Michelangelo's masterpiece "Creation of Man," adorning the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. Alongside it, there are other outstanding artworks like Raphael's "The School of Athens" and the mythological sculpture "Laocoön and His Sons." A visit to the Vatican is truly a journey through the peak of artistic and religious heritage. Wandering along the city’s charming cobbled streets, enchanting squares, and romantic alleys you will be immersed in Rome’ unique atmosphere. As evening falls, both tourists and locals flock to the Trastevere area, drawn by its many restaurants and delightful culinary experiences. While you’re there, don’t miss a visit to the beautiful Santa Maria church, which adds to the charm of the neighborhood. Make your way to the Belvedere Del Giancolo observation deck for an unforgettable sunset experience, where you'll be treated to a breathtaking view of the cityscape. This article provides just a glimpse of the countless wonderful sites that Rome has to offer. Between sites, you’ll have the opportunity to indulge in the delights of Italian cuisine, making Rome a paradise for food lovers. From authentic pastas to mouthwatering pizzas, superb coffee, and delightful Italian gelato, be sure to savor the outstanding Roman cuisine. Rome's charm extends beyond its historical sites to encompass the delectable culinary delights and enchanting ambiance that graces every nook and cranny of the city.

About Florence

Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany. Florence is famous for its history, a center of medieval European trade and finance and one of the wealthiest cities of the time, Florence is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance, and has been called the Athens of the Middle Ages. A turbulent political history includes periods of rule by the powerful Medici family, and numerous religious and republican revolutions. The Historic Center of Florence was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1982. The city is noted for its culture, Renaissance art and architecture and monuments. The city also contains numerous museums and art galleries.

Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany. Florence is famous for its history, a center of medieval European trade and finance and one of the wealthiest cities of the time, Florence is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance, and has been called the Athens of the Middle Ages. A turbulent political history includes periods of rule by the powerful Medici family, and numerous religious and republican revolutions. The Historic Center of Florence was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1982. The city is noted for its culture, Renaissance art and architecture and monuments. The city also contains numerous museums and art galleries.

About Rapallo

Rapallo is a municipality in the province of Genoa, Liguria, northern Italy. It is situated on the Ligurian Sea coast, on the Tigullio Gulf, between Portofino and Chiavari. Rapallo has been known for its climate that made it over the years the winter residence of preference for most of the affluent Italians living in the North West of Italy. Its proximity to the coast makes for mild winters where people can enjoy easy strolls on the sunny promenade and the golfers can enjoy one of the oldest courses in Italy. notable landmarks include The Castello sul Mare, The historical Tower of the Fieschi, the Basilica of Sts. Gervasius and Protasius and The Castello di Punta Pagana.

Rapallo is a municipality in the province of Genoa, Liguria, northern Italy. It is situated on the Ligurian Sea coast, on the Tigullio Gulf, between Portofino and Chiavari. Rapallo has been known for its climate that made it over the years the winter residence of preference for most of the affluent Italians living in the North West of Italy. Its proximity to the coast makes for mild winters where people can enjoy easy strolls on the sunny promenade and the golfers can enjoy one of the oldest courses in Italy. notable landmarks include The Castello sul Mare, The historical Tower of the Fieschi, the Basilica of Sts. Gervasius and Protasius and The Castello di Punta Pagana.

About Nice

Nice is the fifth most populous city in France, after Paris, Marseille, Lyon and Toulouse. Located on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast after Marseille. The city is called Nice la Belle, which means Nice the Beautiful, For decades now, the picturesque Nicean surroundings have attracted not only those in search of relaxation, but also those seeking inspiration.

Nice is the fifth most populous city in France, after Paris, Marseille, Lyon and Toulouse. Located on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast after Marseille. The city is called Nice la Belle, which means Nice the Beautiful, For decades now, the picturesque Nicean surroundings have attracted not only those in search of relaxation, but also those seeking inspiration.

About Toulon

Toulon is a city in southern France and a large military harbor on the Mediterranean coast, with a major French naval base. Located in the Provence-Alpes-Cote-d'Azur region, Toulon is the capital of the Var department. The Commune of Toulon is the fifteenth-largest city in France. Toulon is the fourth-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast after Marseille, Nice and Montpellier. Toulon is an important center for naval construction, fishing, wine making, and the manufacture of aeronautical equipment, armaments, maps, paper, tobacco, printing, shoes, and electronic equipment.

Toulon is a city in southern France and a large military harbor on the Mediterranean coast, with a major French naval base. Located in the Provence-Alpes-Cote-d'Azur region, Toulon is the capital of the Var department. The Commune of Toulon is the fifteenth-largest city in France. Toulon is the fourth-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast after Marseille, Nice and Montpellier. Toulon is an important center for naval construction, fishing, wine making, and the manufacture of aeronautical equipment, armaments, maps, paper, tobacco, printing, shoes, and electronic equipment.

About Avignon

Avignon is a French commune in southeastern France, bordered by the left bank of the Rhֳ´ne river. Of the 94,787 inhabitants of the city, about 12,000 live in the ancient town center surrounded by its medieval ramparts. Often referred to as the "City of Popes" because of the presence of popes and anti popes from 1309 to 1423 during the Catholic schism. This is one of the few French cities to have preserved its ramparts. In addition, its historic center, the palace of the popes, Rocher des Doms, and the bridge of Avignon are well-preserved.

Avignon is a French commune in southeastern France, bordered by the left bank of the Rhֳ´ne river. Of the 94,787 inhabitants of the city, about 12,000 live in the ancient town center surrounded by its medieval ramparts. Often referred to as the "City of Popes" because of the presence of popes and anti popes from 1309 to 1423 during the Catholic schism. This is one of the few French cities to have preserved its ramparts. In addition, its historic center, the palace of the popes, Rocher des Doms, and the bridge of Avignon are well-preserved.

About Perpignan

Perpignan is a city, a commune in southern France. Perpignan was the capital of the former province and county of Roussillon and continental capital of the Kingdom of Majorca in the 13th and 14th centuries. Main sights in Perpignan include : The Cathedral of St. John the Baptist, construction began in 1324 and ended in 1509; The 13th-century Palace of the Kings of Majorca sits on the high citadel, surrounded by ramparts. The main city door, the Castillet is a small fortress built in the 14th century, which has been preserved. It had also been used as a prison until the end of the 19th century.

Perpignan is a city, a commune in southern France. Perpignan was the capital of the former province and county of Roussillon and continental capital of the Kingdom of Majorca in the 13th and 14th centuries. Main sights in Perpignan include : The Cathedral of St. John the Baptist, construction began in 1324 and ended in 1509; The 13th-century Palace of the Kings of Majorca sits on the high citadel, surrounded by ramparts. The main city door, the Castillet is a small fortress built in the 14th century, which has been preserved. It had also been used as a prison until the end of the 19th century.

About Barcelona

This lively, exciting metropolis, set on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, is renowned for its exceptional architecture, rich cultural heritage, delicious cuisine, stunning beaches, and fascinating history. It is said that a secret of Barcelona's charm lies in the fact that its tourist sites are an integral part of its residents’ daily life.

This lively, exciting metropolis, set on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, is renowned for its exceptional architecture, rich cultural heritage, delicious cuisine, stunning beaches, and fascinating history. It is said that a secret of Barcelona's charm lies in the fact that its tourist sites are an integral part of its residents’ daily life.

Barcelona is not only the capital city of the autonomous community of Catalonia and the second largest city in Spain, but a leading international city, having major influence on global commerce, education, entertainment, media, fashion, science, and the arts. It is an important cultural center, blending modernity and tradition. The city’s most famous landmarks include the architectural works of Antoni Gaudi and Lluis Domenech i Montaner, which have been designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The center of the city and its heart is Placa de Catalunya, a charming square with statues and fountains, shops and boutiques, cafes and restaurants. La Rambla, a bustling boulevard that connects Placa de Catalunya to the ocean, extends from the square. Also extending from the square is one of the city’s most prestigious boulevards, the Passeig de Gracie, where two of Gaudi’s iconic houses are located, the Casa Batllo and the Casa Mila- also known as La Padrera. One of Barcelona’s main highlights is the Church of the Holy Family - La Sagrada Familia – which was designed by Antonio Gaudi and to which he devoted much of his life. The church, which began construction in 1882 and is still not finished, is one of the city's most exciting and awe-inspiring sites. Not far from the church, at the end of Gaudi Avenue, is the Sant Pau Hospital, one of Lluis Domenech I Montaner’s most important architectural works. It is a large complex in which the buildings fit together harmoniously and are surrounded by magnificent gardens. The city’s Gothic Quarter, which dates back to the Middle Ages, is considered the historic heart of the city, and there are numerous city landmarks located within its narrow streets. The Sinagoga Major de Barcelona, which was the main synagogue in the Jewish neighborhood until the expulsion of the Jews in 1492, still remains, as does the 14th-15th century Barcelona Cathedral, an impressive Gothic cathedral and the seat of the Archbishop of Barcelona, Catalonia. The historic palace, Palau de la Generalitat, is also found here and continues to function as the seat of the Government of Catalonia and the Presidency of the Generalitat. The 14th century Ajuntament City Hall building is another landmark in the Quarter. The Picasso Museum is housed in one of the Gothic Quarter’s elegant mansions, and the Palau de la Musica Catalana is a magnificent concert hall designed in Catalan modernista style by Lluis Domenech I Montaner in the early 20th century. There is a mountain overlooking the city known as Montjuic, the Jewish Mountain, a name derived from the medieval Jewish cemetery that is found there. Situated on the mountain is the National Palace, an enormous Italian-style building built in 1929, which today houses the National Art Museum of Catalonia as well as the Olympic Stadium and the Pueblo Espanyol tourist complex. Also located here is the Joan Miro Museum, a museum of modern art dedicated to the famous Catalan artist who initiated its establishment of the museum and donated many of her works. Just beneath Monjuic, you’ll find Placa de Espana, Barcelona’s largest square. The square had once been used as an entrance gate to the museum and today is a center for fairs and exhibits. The Font Magica provides fun entertainment in the evening as the illuminated fountain shoots jets of water, which change shape and color, 164 feet high – all accompanied by great music. Barcelona is also home to some outstanding parks. In the center of the city is the Parc De La Ciutadella, a green oasis with a large central fountain, statues, and an artificial lake with row boats. On the park’s grounds you’ll also find the zoo, the Catalan Parliament building which today houses the Modern Art Museum, the Museum of Natural Sciences, and the Cascada, a large triumphal arch. Park Guell, located in the García district atop a hill, is one of the city's most intriguing sites and a unique example of creative environmental design. Originally intended as a private residential area with 60 single-family homes, the project was unsuccessful, and it became municipal property in 1923. Though not complete, it is one of Antonio Gaudi's best-known and most imaginative works. The buildings are coated with colorful ceramic fragments whose combination throughout the garden creates a mosaic of shapes. Along the beautiful stairway at the entrance gate, you’ll see one of the park’s most famous features: the huge, mythological dragon– or salamander. At the top of the stairs is La Placa, a square with a colorful, rolling bench covered with ceramic fragments and spectacular views of the city. Tibidabo is the highest hill in the Serra de Collserola, and, at its peak, is the Sagrat Cor Church. Adjacent to it is the Tibidabo Amusement Park, a historic theme park with modern attractions, events, shows, and panoramic views. Camp Nou is the largest soccer stadium in Europe and the home field of FC Barcelona. It includes a museum and a visitor’s center. Markets are another important feature of life in Barcelona and a great place to feel the city’s vibe. The 13th century Boqueria Market, located off the famous Rambla and a popular tourist destination, is filled with the sites, smells, and sounds of a bustling city market. In addition to fresh, delicious produce, you’ll find fresh fish, cheeses, juices, Catalan sausages, and other local delicacies – as well as numerous bars and restaurants. The San Antonio Market located in the Eixampla area is one of the largest in Barcelona, combining stalls, restaurants, and bars alongside clothes, books, and stamps for collectors. The Encants flea market is one of the oldest in Europe, dating back to the 13th century, and a place to find diverse and unique art, crafts, gifts, fashion, and more. Not far from Catalonia Square is El Nacional, a charming restaurant complex where you’ll find many traditional dishes from the Iberian Peninsula. Established in 1870 as a theater, the building served other purposes before undergoing a massive renovation and opening in 2013 as a luxurious and well-designed entertainment complex in the heart of the city. And there’s more – Barcelona is also home to shopping centers, an extensive and delectable restaurant scene, and a vibrant night life. To sum up, Barcelona – an innovative, cosmopolitan city with a Mediterranean flair- shouldn’t be missed!

About Valencia

It is a bustling and prosperous port city and the capital of a fertile agricultural area, a thriving industrial center with metal, furniture, and paper factories, and a large export hub for citrus fruits, vegetables, and wine. It is also home to some of Spain’s best beaches and provides a unique mix of culture, history, and fun in the sun.

It is a bustling and prosperous port city and the capital of a fertile agricultural area, a thriving industrial center with metal, furniture, and paper factories, and a large export hub for citrus fruits, vegetables, and wine. It is also home to some of Spain’s best beaches and provides a unique mix of culture, history, and fun in the sun.

Valencia is a city that has everything and seamlessly blends modern and traditional cultural experiences- spectacular and diverse architecture, ancient buildings, squares, palaces, picturesque alleys, markets, cafes, bars, vintage shops, and magic corners. While its old town is full of historic landmarks, the modern city which surrounds it has magnificent boulevards and elegant shopping centers. The architecturally futuristic complex, the City of Science and Arts, is located in the center of the city and houses the most impressive structures in Valencia, including the opera house, science museum, and planetarium. The complex was designed by Santiago Calatrava, a native of Valencia, and Felix Candela from Madrid. The Old Town of Valencia (Ciutat Vella) is a maze of picturesque alleys, narrow pedestrian streets studded with statues, palaces, churches, and ancient towers, many of which are relics of the city’s history. Valencia was founded as a Roman colony in 138 BC and was ruled by the Muslims starting in the 8th century. The Christians conquered the area in the 13th century, and the city became the capital of the Kingdom of Valencia. Valencia’s Town Hall Square, the beautiful Plaza del Ayuntamiento, is a vibrant open center lined with statues, fountains, and carpets of flowers. The 18th century Town Hall building, for which the square is named, is an impressive structure which houses a local history museum. Originally serving as a monastery, this 18th century town hall is an impressive example of traditional Spanish architecture. The Palacio de las Comunicaciones (Palace of Communications) is Valencia’s historic mail service building. Located near the square is the famous Central Market (Mercado Central), a modern building with a spectacular architectural design that combines stone, metal, and glass. A huge market with over 1000 stalls, this is a foodie’s paradise which offers a wide assortment of traditional Valencian cuisine, fresh seafood, and local produce. The Fallas Festival is Valencia’s most famous festival, and it takes place annually in mid-March, featuring massive sculptures, parades, and fireworks. During the festival, several hundred 50-foot sculptures (“fallas”) made of paper, usually designed as satirical figures of local politicians and celebrities, are burned in huge bonfires in the squares. The Valencia Cathedral, dating back to the 14th-15th centuries, combines Romanesque, Gothic, and Baroque styles, and the Miguelete Tower, the bell tower of the cathedral, offers a wonderful view of the city extending out to the sea. The Lonja de la Seda (the Silk Exchanges) dates back to the 15th century and is built in late Gothic style with a magnificent colonnaded hall. It is a UNESCO World Heritage site and is used today for exhibitions and events. Valencia’s main rain station, called Estacio Nord, is located in the center of the Old Town. It is an impressive building, an outstanding example of the Valencian Art Nouveau, with mosaics and unusual wall paintings – as well as a major transport hub in the city. For nature lovers, don’t miss Oceanografic, Europe’s largest marine park, and Albufera Natural Park, a beautiful nature reserve located close to Valencia, with boat tours of the wildlife. All this, and kilometers of lively, golden sand bathing beaches, are what make Valencia one of Spain's holiday destinations.

About Madrid

Madrid, the capital of Spain and its largest city, is the seat of the government of Spain and the residence of the Spanish monarch. In short, Madrid is the political, economic, and cultural center of Spain. 

Madrid, the capital of Spain and its largest city, is the seat of the government of Spain and the residence of the Spanish monarch. In short, Madrid is the political, economic, and cultural center of Spain. 

This city which never sleeps was built in the 16th century when Philip II, who disliked the capital Valladolid, decided to turn a remote, ancient village in Castile into a capital. Lying at the foot of the Sierra de Guadarrama mountain range, the Monzanares River flows through the city. Madrid is home to impressive architecture, leading international art museums, green parks, phenomenal food, and a lively nightlife. The Royal Palace Palacio Real serves as the official seat of the King of Spain. This huge palace, one of the largest Italian Baroque style palaces in Europe, is located on a spectacular cliff overlooking the Monzanares River. The palace contains thousands of art treasures, including paintings and wall murals, porcelain objects, musical instruments, and medieval weapons. There are breathtaking gardens surrounding the palace -the Sabatini Gardens to the north and the Campo del Moro Gardens at the foot of the hill on which the palace is located. Madrid’s large, Neo-Gothic style Santa Maria de la Almudena Cathedral is among the newest cathedrals in Europe, inaugurated in 1993 after over 100 years of construction. Madrid is a city with three famous museums. The Prado El, which began to be constructed in the 18th century, has a neo-classical façade and was intended to be a vast center for nature and science studies. It later became a museum with tens of thousands of works of art from the royal palaces of Spain. It has a huge collection of Spanish paintings, including works by Velázquez, Goya and El Greco; Italian paintings by foremost painters such as Botticelli, Veronese, Caravaggio; and Flemish masterpieces by Hieronymus Bosch, Bruegel, Rubens, Rembrandt, and Van Dyck. The Reina Sofia Museum is housed in a building that was used as a hospital until the 18th century. It is home to an impressive collection of 20th century works, including cubism, surrealism, and realism, and a permanent collection with works by Salvador Dali, Juan Miro, and Pablo Picasso. The highlight of the museum is Picasso's famous masterpiece from 1937, "Guernica.” Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum is the third famous museum in Madrid. It began in 1920 as an exhibit of the private collection of Baron Heinrich Thyssen- Bornemisza, who was a well-known collector. It is considered to be one of the most impressive private collections in the world. The museum was sold to Spain and opened to the public in 1992. Much of Madrid’s charm lies in its many public squares, each with its own character and beautiful parks and gardens. The Puerta del Sol (Gate of the Sun) square is a focal point of the city. It was built as a half moon decorated with two fountains and the equestrian statue of Carlos III (who built most of the squares in the city). The Bear and Strawberry Tree statues are attractions, as well, and have become symbols of the city. Today, the square’s central building is used by the Autonomous Community of Madrid. The square is known for its New Year’s Eve tradition of eating twelve grapes, one for each chime at midnight. Plaza Mayor (Town Square) is in the heart of the old city. Originally used in the 15th century as the town market, it was established in the 17th century as a town square, and the 19th century equestrian sculpture of Philip III stands in the center. There are ten entrances to the square and nine gates. Plaza Mayor has historically been the scene of many events, including bullfights and soccer games, and today is the venue for the annual Christmas market. The Casa de la Panaderia, a municipal and cultural building on the north side of the plaza, has a beautiful façade and angular towers to its sides. Plaza Mayor is a thriving center of Madrid life both day and night with its cafes, restaurants, and bars. Plaza Oriente is built in the shape of a crescent with an impressive facade of the Royal Palace as its base. It is surrounded by flower beds, beautiful shrubbery, and statues of the kings of Spain. In the center, above an imposing fountain surrounded by lions, is the equestrian statue of Philip IV. In the rectangular Plaza Espania, a spacious square surrounded by trees, there is a large stone monument honoring one of Spain's greatest writers, Miguel Cervantes, and the two iconic characters, Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. The 18th century Plaza de Cibeles is one of the main squares in the city and is considered to be one of its most important symbols. The fountain in the square depicts the goddess Cybele sitting in a chariot driven by two lions. At one end of the square is the Madrid City Hall building. The Parquet del Buen Retiro is the green lung of Madrid. It was established as a royal garden with a summer palace, and its garden paths, fountains, lake, playgrounds, and cafes attract many visitors. The Casa de Campo, Madrid’s largest public park, was created in the 16th century for the royal family and nobility and became a public park in 1931. It is a popular urban park and destination for both visitors and locals, especially on the weekends. The park contains lakes as well as an amusement park and a large zoo. Madrid is also a great shopping destination with its many colorful markets. The San Miguel Market is one of the most famous in the city with a wide variety of food, wine, and tapas stalls. San Ildefonso market is a food market, which, at dark, turns into a lively entertainment area with a stunning balcony and comfortable seating. The Platea Market, which used to be a theatre, bustles with restaurants, shops, bars, and bakeries. Anton Martin Market is a food market with cafeterias, restaurants, and even a flamenco school. Last but not least, be sure to visit Calle Gran Via, the busiest thoroughfare in Madrid with cinemas, shopping malls, international chain stores, and banks. If you’re a foodie, Madrid won’t disappoint! It has its own gastronomy as well as culinary specialties from all over Spain. Madrid’s many restaurants and cafes serve the famous bean stews, roast suckling piglet, Galician octopus, and the iconic Paella.

About Salamanca

Salamanca, located in northwestern Spain near the Tormes River, is part of the regions of Castile and Leon, close to the Portuguese border. Home to the University of Salamanca (Universidad de Salamanca), it is a small, vibrant university town that attracts students from all over the world who come here to study Spanish.

Salamanca, located in northwestern Spain near the Tormes River, is part of the regions of Castile and Leon, close to the Portuguese border. Home to the University of Salamanca (Universidad de Salamanca), it is a small, vibrant university town that attracts students from all over the world who come here to study Spanish.

In fact, the city has a long-standing tradition of being an important intellectual center as the university was founded in 1218 – the 2nd university in all of Spain and one of the oldest in the world. Its magnificent sculptured entrance, built in the 16th century, is an outstanding work of art with its fine detail, resembling delicate goldsmith's craft. With buildings made of golden stone, Salamanca has been nicknamed “the Golden City.” The city’s architecture has historical richness - narrow streets, charming buildings, decorated facades, domes, and pointed towers- earning it UNESCO World Heritage Site status The main square, Plaza Mayor, was built in baroque style in the 18th century and is considered one of the most magnificent squares in Spain. Salamanca City Hall is in the center of the square with the clock tower above it. Other city highlights include the old Romanesque church, Cathedral Vieja, which dates back to the 12th century, the “new” Cathedral Nueva from the 16th century which is built in Gothic Renaissance and Baroque style, and the bell tower which soars high above and is visible from almost anywhere in the city.  

About Porto

Porto, the second largest city in Portugal, is an ancient city, yet one that is young and vibrant in spirit. A coastal city located on the northern bank of the mouth of the Douro River, it is home to historical sites - baroque churches, bell towers rising over the city, magnificent Art Nouveau style buildings, and narrow alleys studded with bookstores and antiques- as well as a vibrant night life, great shopping, cafes, excellent restaurants, and the Port lodges which feature the outstanding local Port wines. Porto is also known for its laid-back vibe and its beauty - charming homes along the banks of the river, romantic spots, and picturesque bridges which connect its two sides.

Porto, the second largest city in Portugal, is an ancient city, yet one that is young and vibrant in spirit. A coastal city located on the northern bank of the mouth of the Douro River, it is home to historical sites - baroque churches, bell towers rising over the city, magnificent Art Nouveau style buildings, and narrow alleys studded with bookstores and antiques- as well as a vibrant night life, great shopping, cafes, excellent restaurants, and the Port lodges which feature the outstanding local Port wines. Porto is also known for its laid-back vibe and its beauty - charming homes along the banks of the river, romantic spots, and picturesque bridges which connect its two sides.

Portugal derives its name from the city of Porto. Originally a Celtic hamlet called Cale, the Romans added the port and established a settlement on both sides of the river, naming it “Portus Cale” which eventually became Portucale and gave the name not only to the city, but to the nation of Portugal. The Moors ruled briefly during the city’s early times, but Porto came under Christian domination in 1092. Porto became an important port city in the 14th century, and, during the early 19th century, it came under British rule during the Peninsular War. Grapes have been grown in Portugal since ancient times, and the Romans, who inhabited the area for over 500 years, starting from the 2nd century BC, planted vineyards and made wine on the Douro River. During the era of Portugal’s prosperity, after the establishment of its kingdom in 1143, wine became an important export. Port wines started to be produced and exported later- in the 2nd half of the 17th century. Ribreira (riverside) Square is Porto's oldest district, and it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996. Located on the river bank, the old town is a maze of narrow, winding alleys dotted with cafes, workshops, and small shops with elegant, Art Nouveau style facades. There are beautiful squares which are popular meeting places for the "tripeiros" – the name given to the residents of Porto. The facades of the old merchants' houses facing the river are painted in many colors, and the many restaurants and cafes along the river are popular with both locals and tourists. You can cross the river on a rabelo boat along the promenade – one of the colorful boats that had been used to transport port wine down the river and now serve as pleasure boats. Other Porto highlights include the 14th century São Francisco Church, with its lavish baroque interior and ornate gilded carvings, and the palatial 19th-century Palácio de Bolsa, formerly a stock exchange, which was built to impress potential European investors. The Clerigos Tower is an ornate bell tower which rises above the city and has become a city icon. It offers panoramic views of the city, which are well-worth the 225 step climb up! The Sao Bento train station, with its entrance hall composed of 2000 decorative ceramic tiles, recounts highlights from Portugal’s history, the royal dynasty, wars, and the development of transportation. The tiles, painted blue and white, are spectacular. Located on the ruins of a 16th century Benedictine monastery, this is one of the most beautiful train stations in the world. Avenida Los Aliados, a spacious boulevard and the beating heart of the city, is lined with busy cafes and impressive public buildings. With the growth of Porto as a financial center in the late 19th century, this area was transformed, and its buildings reflect the influence of the Parisian architects who arrived in the city at the time. The City Hall, in particular, is one of the most magnificent buildings on the boulevard. The 12th century Se Do Porto Cathedral is built on a hill in the historic center of the city. This Romanesque monument is one of the city’s oldest. The Church of San Francisco Igreja De Sao Francisco, known as the 18th century baroque sailors' church, is one of the most spectacular in Portugal. Though its origins are Romanesque, it was transformed with Gothic architecture and elements of the Baroque style. Porto’s main shopping street, Rua Santa Catarina, is lined with boutiques, international brands, and a lively, young atmosphere. You’ll find trendy cafes, including the legendary Majestic, which opened in 1921, and boasts impressive Art Nouveau design, mirrors, and sculptures – and a star-studded patron list. Another city highlight is the gorgeous Lello Bookstore, one of the most outstanding bookstores in Europe. More than a century old, the bookstore boasts Art Nouveau facade and a neo-Gothic interior design with carved wooden walls, stained glass windows, and a magnificent red staircase. Thinking of Hogwarts? Lello is said to have served as the inspiration for it. (JK Rowling had once lived in Porto!) Near the center of the city is a park called Crystal Palace. Though the original Crystal Palace, built in 1865, no longer remains, the park is home to magnificent gardens, charming architecture, fountains, a wonderful view of the river, and a modern public library. Porto’s exceptional Museum of Modern Art, known as the Serralves Museum, is the foremost museum of its kind in Portugal. It is located on the grounds of the Serralves Estate, which also includes a park and a villa. Porto is a vibrant cultural city. It embodies a combination of the old and new, impressive history and avant-garde urban renewal – in short, a popular destination with its lively nightlife, outstanding wine culture, and breathtaking beauty!

About Coimbra

Coimbra, a historic riverfront city, was Portugal’s capital between the 12th and 13th centuries. It has a well-preserved medieval town, and its character is largely influenced by its world renowned academic institution, the University of Coimbra, one of the oldest universities in the world and the oldest and most prestigious in Portugal.

Coimbra, a historic riverfront city, was Portugal’s capital between the 12th and 13th centuries. It has a well-preserved medieval town, and its character is largely influenced by its world renowned academic institution, the University of Coimbra, one of the oldest universities in the world and the oldest and most prestigious in Portugal.

The university, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, had been founded in 1290 in Lisbon but was moved to Coimbra in 1537, attracting an influx of Spanish, Italian, and French artists and intellectuals. The Academy of Art and Sculpture which was established as a result of the influx left an important imprint on the country’s artistic development. The original university is located at the top of the Alta, a steep hill above the city, and it is a cluster of impressive 16th-18th century buildings which are built around a spacious square. The statue of King Joao III stands in the center of the square, and the iconic 17th century Paco das Escolas tower houses the clock and bells that play an important role in academic life. The university includes several outstanding buildings: the Chapel of Sao Miguel is known for its Manueline adornments, painted tiles, and baroque organ; the Sala dos Capelos hall is where the most noteworthy ceremonies are held; and the highlight – the famed 18th century baroque Joanine Library- is one of the largest and richest in Europe with over 300,000 books, including 5000 manuscripts, some of which date back to the 12th century. The new city of Coimbra, known as Biyasha (meaning “bottom”) is sprawled at the foot of the hill and along the river, and, with time, the university has expanded into the new urban areas. Its modern buildings attract many visitors, as well. Other notable historic landmarks in Coimbra exhibiting the splendor of Romanesque art include the Monastery of Santa Cruz in which the first King of Portugal, Alfonso Henriques, is buried; the 14th century Monastery of Santa Clara-a-Velha; and the Se Velha, the old Cathedral of Coimbra, which is considered to be one of the most beautiful examples of Romanesque architecture in Portugal. The Machado de Castro National Museum has important collections related to the history of the city, including Roman architecture. The city is also home to beautiful gardens – Choupal, Quinta das Lagrimas, and the Botanical Gardens are popular sites. Coimbra’s 25,000 students contribute to the special atmosphere of the city, and their ceremonies throughout the year are festive events which engage the whole city. The most well known is the colorful Quema Das Fitas, the ritual burning of the colored ribbons of each faculty, which celebrates the end of academic coursework. Coimbra hosts several other festivals, as well. The Festa da Rainha Santa Queen Festival is dedicated to Saint Isabella, and it is a spectacular candlelight procession which crosses the river and passes through the streets of the city. Festada Cidade involves folk music shows, folk dances, and fireworks, and the Arts Festival - Festival das Artes- includes cultural events, classical music concerts, jazz shows on river boats, culinary events by the best famous chefs, and city-wide celebrations. In short, Coimbra is a charming, lively city which is steeped in culture and history – a great destination on your trip to Portugal! 

About Lisbon

A naturally beautiful city which is surrounded by and set on seven steep hills (though some say eight!), Lisbon overlooks the Tagus River, the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula. Characterized by its laid-back atmosphere, Lisbon is known for vibrant culture, history, and architecture as well as for its picture-perfect panoramas.

A naturally beautiful city which is surrounded by and set on seven steep hills (though some say eight!), Lisbon overlooks the Tagus River, the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula. Characterized by its laid-back atmosphere, Lisbon is known for vibrant culture, history, and architecture as well as for its picture-perfect panoramas.

Lisbon’s neighborhoods are comprised of steep, narrow streets which accommodate its hilly landscape, and the city’s old-world trams and cable elevators connect them. Today, Lisbon is a city of approximately 546,000 residents and is part of a metropolis which comprises close to 3 million inhabitants. Because of Lisbon’s strategic location, it has, historically, been an important seaport for trade between northern Europe and the Mediterranean Sea. Originally known as “Olisspo” after Ulysses, one of the heroes of Greek mythology, its name was changed to “El Lisbon” by the Muslims in the 8th century. In 1147, Lisbon was conquered by the Christians and, in 1255, was declared the Portuguese capital. Lisbon’s glory came in the 15th and 16th centuries when it was the center for discovery expeditions to the New World. The Manuelin style of architecture, named after King Manuel I who financed spice trade between India and Africa, developed during this period. A large earthquake in the mid-18th century destroyed most of the buildings from that time, though there are two remaining Manueline style structures - the iconic, 16th century Belem Tower (Torre de Belem), originally built on the edge of the river to protect the city, and the Jeronimos Monastery. The monastery, which was badly damaged from the earthquake but survived, is covered with white marble and stone carvings which glorify Portugal’s pioneering maritime discoveries. Inside, there are tombs and sculptures of kings and two of Portugal’s greatest heroes, Vasco de Gama, the explorer, and Luis de Camoish, Portugal’s national poet. Both structures are now UNESCO World Heritage sites. The medieval Castelo De Sao Jorge fortress stands at the top of Alfama hill, the largest of the city’s seven hills. The castle is built on 5th century Visigoth foundations as well as 9th century Moorish foundations. In the 12th century, after capturing the city from the Moors, Alfonso Enrique added to the structure. From the castle, there is a spectacular view of the city, the river, and the enormous suspension bridge, the Ponte 25 de Abril. Another famous look-out point which offers spectacular views is Edward VII Park, named after Britain’s monarch who visited the city in 1903. It is the largest park in Lisbon and extends uphill from Marques de Pombal Square to an open pavilion at the top. Alfama is the heart and soul of Lisbon - a neighborhood dating back to medieval times with a maze of cobbled alleys, hidden courtyards, charming squares, and houses with colorful tiles and iron-railed balconies. It is located at the foot of the castle and is a fun place for a stroll as well as to enjoy the city’s many fado restaurants which serve local specialties and offer fado-style music. The Terreiro do Paco (also known as Praca do Comercio), is located on the riverfront, and is known as one of the most important squares in Lisbon. It served as the royal palace for two centuries prior to being destroyed by the 1755 earthquake. Today, it is a pedestrian square from which you can reach the Tagus River. The Chiado and Bairro Alto districts are two archetypal Lisbon neighborhoods. Chiado is trendy with its celebrated cafes, bookshops, boutiques, and theaters, including Lisbon’s opera house. Bairro Alto is the center of the city’s nightlife with its many pubs, clubs, and bars. The LUX club is one of Lisbon’s most famed nightclubs and, with its total capacity of over 3000, has been a favorite spot of the rich and famous. Actor John Malkovich, who shot a movie in Portugal and fell in love with the club, is now a partial owner. The famous restaurant, Bica do Sapato (“the tip of the shoe”), is located adjacent to the club. Luis de Camoish Square, named after the national poet, connects the two districts. Avenida Da Liberdade, the "Portuguese Champs-Elysées,” is a wide boulevard with tall trees and dozens of statues lining it as well as an Egyptian pillar dedicated to Portugal’s independence. The business center of Lisbon, the street is also lined with hotels, banks, cinemas, and international brand stores. Further down the boulevard is Rossio Square with its statue of Dom Pedro IV (who was both the King of Portugal and the Emperor of Brazil) and 2 French- style fountains. Lisbon is home to world-class museums. The Museu Caloute Gulbenkain is located in a lush park and is one of the city’s gems. Much of the museum’s collection came from a wealthy Armenian oil magnate, Calouste Sarkis Gulbenkian, who endowed his vast, outstanding private art collection to Portugal before he died in 1955. The National Museum of Ancient Art is Portugal’s national gallery which houses a large collection of 15th and 16th century paintings, as well as Oriental, European, and African art. The National Tile Museum, Museu Nacional do Azulejo, houses a unique collection of decorative tiles, known as azulejos, and it traces tile-making from its Moorish and Spanish influences through the rise of Portugal’s unique style. The MAAT - Museum of Art, Architecture, and Technology - which is housed in a converted power station on the waterfront, is an outstanding new cultural center in Lisbon. The 12th century Lisbon Cathedral, located near the Alfama district, is Lisbon’s oldest and most famous church. Originally a Romanesque cathedral, the structure was destroyed in the earthquake and today it blends architectural styles. Its two bell towers are a beautiful part of the city’s skyline. The Padrão dos Descobrimentos, the Monument of the Discoveries, is located on the banks of the Tagus River estuary– the place from which ships departed for maritime discovery voyages. Designed by 2 Portuguese architects, it is a massive structure in the shape of the prow of a ship which celebrates the Portuguese explorers who established the country’s seafaring prominence. In the interior of the 170-foot high tower, there is an exhibition about the history of Lisbon, and the monument’s viewing platform offers spectacular views. The 1988 World’s Fair Expo was held in Lisbon, and the entire eastern part along the river was renovated and became a showcase for the city’s new and modern architecture. There is a new complex called Park of the Nations (Parquet das Nacoes) which includes the Oriente train station and the Vasco de Gama shopping mall. There are two large towers designed as a giant sail, and the Oceanarium is a huge, popular aquarium with over 8000 sea animals. A train transports visitors between attractions. The village of Sintra is a 30 minute train ride from Lisbon and is a not-to-be-missed day trip. Sintra was a royal resort, and it is home to extraordinary palaces, a Moorish castle, a semi tropical garden, and scenic views. With its combination of captivating tradition and modern touches, Lisbon is a popular destination – and city that many tourists long to return to!